The caffeine content of Nespresso pods varies due to factors such as bean variations and serving sizes. Single espresso pods contain between 60 and 150 mg of caffeine, depending on the type of bean used and the serving size.Dec 6, 2021 · And Cooper notes that if you consume 10 grams (or 10,000 milligrams) of caffeine – equivalent to what would be found in about 100 cups of coffee – that amount of caffeine can be fatal. Created from Costa Rican and South American Arabicas, the Decaffeinato blend is deliciously rounded and smooth. This Coffee is rich in flavor, with generous ...Ounce for ounce, coffee has a much higher caffeine content than Mountain Dew. A 12-ounce serving of Mountain Dew has 55 milligrams of caffeine, or about 4.6 milligrams per ounce.Posted on: Nespresso Pods and Caffeine: A Comprehensive Guide. Contents. Nespresso Pods and Caffeine: A Comprehensive Guide. …How much caffeine is in a double espresso Nespresso? Double Espresso and Gran Lungo coffees (80 and 150 ml) range: 120–200 mg caffeine/cup. Can you use Nespresso pod twice? All you do is use each pod twice ! After using the Nespresso pod to make your cappuccino or espresso, simply put the pod back into the machine and have …Oct 25, 2023 · The amount of caffeine in Nespresso Ristretto 25ml (0.85 oz) pods ranges from 60 milligrams to 80 milligrams of caffeine per shot served. The Kazaar, which has a particularly strong caffeine kick and a high content of the stronger Robusta bean, has 120 milligrams of caffeine per shot served. Nespresso Intensity vs Caffeine. An level of intensity does not equal how much caffeine a pod shall. Caffeine is measured by the type of coffee grounds used, its origins, real other factors. A free coffee pod canned have an intensity level of 11. Hence it will taste strong and will be dark roasted, nevertheless won’t own …Nespresso Colombia is a Vertuo coffee pod with high caffeine content, i.e. 170-200 mg. Although it has high caffeine content, it still delivers light, smooth Coffee due to the light roasting of Colombia Aguadas washed Arabicas. The medium intensity, sour taste, and notes of red fruits make your morning perfect.Sep 8, 2021 · Caffeine is a bitter substance that occurs naturally in more than 60 plants including: Coffee beans. Tea leaves. Kola nuts, which are used to flavor soft drink colas. Cacao pods, which are used to make chocolate products. There is also synthetic (man-made) caffeine, which is added to some medicines, foods, and drinks. FYI - the Nespresso intensity range is from 1-13. For the Vertuo, the Diavolitto capsule for example is an intensity 11 coffee. For the Original Line, the Napoli is an intensity 13 coffee. Supposedly the Il Caffè for Vertuo will be available soon, and it should be an intensity 13 coffee (for OL it was 13).TASTE. Experience the sweet, smooth biscuit notes of this blend of both decaffeinated and regular Arabica beans. Half the caffeine but all the taste. Sweet and velvety with biscuit notes, try Half Caffeinato Vertuo coffee pods, a blend of arabica coffee from Brazil and Ethiopia with half the caffeine.When it comes to convenience and consistent flavor, coffee pods have become a popular choice for coffee lovers worldwide. With so many options available in the market, it can be ov...An 8.2-ounce container of Red Bull has the highest amount of caffeine at 80 milligrams. Other soft drinks containing a large amount of caffeine include Jolt Cola, Pepsi One, Mounta...TASTE. Warm cereal and caramel notes flow in an Arabica blend touched with Robusta. It's light-bodied, low in bitterness, and graced with a hint of acidity. Orafio glows in your cup with its warm cereal and roasted notes. A blend of Latin American Arabicas with a touch of Ugandan Robusta, this coffee has a light body, low …Sep 5, 2023 · In conclusion, knowing the caffeine content in Nespresso pods allows you to personalize and enjoy your coffee experience while making informed choices about your caffeine intake. Understanding the factors that affect caffeine content, such as coffee bean origins, roasting levels, brewing methods, and cup size, helps you select pods that align ... Aug 8, 2022 · The caffeine content of the pods varies depending on the blend. It can range from 60 to 150 mg. Nespresso Vertuo Double Espresso (2.7 oz/80 ml) capsules have 130 to 165vmg of caffeine per serving. Vertuoline Gran Lungo capsules contain a range of caffeine levels (5 oz/150 ml). It ranges from 120 to 195 mg (140 mg on average). If it takes multiple espressos to get you through the day, there might be a reason for that. Not all coffees are created equal. You already know this if you’ve been brewing your ow...Caffeine content falls within a range, and will vary depending on individual preparation -- below are some approximations based on our brewing recommendations: 6 ounces coffee, 100-200 mg caffeine. 6 ounces decaf coffee, 4-8 mg caffeine. shot of espresso, 70 mg caffeine. shot of decaf espresso, 2.4 mg …The amount of caffeine in Nespresso Ristretto 25ml (0.85 oz) pods ranges from 60 milligrams to 80 milligrams of caffeine per shot served. The Kazaar, which has a particularly strong caffeine kick and a high content of the stronger Robusta bean, has 120 milligrams of caffeine per shot served.If you are tired of the old rise and grind routine, buying bulk K cups might be the way to go. Here are the best bulk k-cups and coffee pods for your office. If you buy something t... REQUEST: Call Starbucks ® by Nespresso ® customer service at 877-964-6290 to receive a recycling bag. RECYCLE: Bring used capsules to a Nespresso ® Boutique, collection point, waste collection center or partner store. Caffeine is one of the most commonly-used drugs -- 90% of Americans use it. Learn why caffeine is America's most popular drug and what it does to your body. Advertisement It's as m...The caffeine content per brewed capsule will vary between approximately 60 and 150 mg for the espressos. Double Espressos contain less than 200 mg. The Gran Lungo capsules contain between 120 and 200 mg of caffeine. Our Coffee and Alto capsules contain 130 to 200 mg of caffeine per cup. The Half Caffeinato blend …Offer applicable on regular priced coffee sleeves. Vertuo Pour-Over Style Regular, Pour-Over Style Mild, Alto Ambrato, Alto Onice, and Cold Brew Style Intense sleeves contain seven (7) capsules and do not count for 1 sleeve. Original N°20 sleeve contains five (5) capsules and does not count for 1 sleeve.Single espresso pods contain between 60 and 150 mg of caffeine, depending on the type of bean used and the serving size. Majority of Nespresso …The caffeine content in Nespresso pods can range from approximately 55mg to 110mg per serving. This variation is due to the different types of coffee blends and serving sizes available. Some Nespresso pod varieties are specifically marketed as high-caffeine options, while others cater to those who …The US version of the Nespresso website has very limited information on pod caffeine content. The information that is there is very vague. The US site – and most international sites as well – only report a range of caffeine amounts for different pod sizes. These ranges can be anywhere from 10 to 80 mg of … See moreHeres a quick comparison of the caffeine content in different types of coffee: Regular brewed coffee: 95-100 mg. : 2-5 mg. Instant coffee: 60-80 mg. Espresso: 80-100 mg. As you can see, Nespresso espresso falls right in the middle of the pack. It has slightly less caffeine than a regular cup of coffee, but more than decaf or instant coffee.Caffeine affects the body in several ways, from your brain to your digestive system. Whether it’s from coffee, tea, chocolate, or other sources, caffeine impacts your body in sever...Caffeine Content In Nepresso VertuoLine. These Vertuo capsules are, well, more “vertuo”-sized! They’re bigger, and you need a special VertuoLine system to use them. And even though they don’t have as many choices as the OriginalLine, there’s more coffee in each pod.So, bigger pods mean more …It’s probably the most common question that arises from every Nespresso machine user, and many wonder if the intensity refers to caffeine content. Nespresso intensity levels range from 1 to 13. 13 is …Pod: Flavor: Melozio: Caffeine Content Description: Caffeinated: Roast Level: medium_roast: About this item . ... Nespresso Vertuo delivers you a full range of cup sizes and coffee styles from espresso to Alto XL with easy to use Nespresso pods. Enjoy hot or pour over ice. (VertuoLine Capsules are not compatible with …Istanbul Nespresso Capsules Caffeine Content — 55-65 mg. Nespresso Istanbul Espresso fulfills your caffeine in the comfort of your home and gives you a strong kick with 55-65 mg caffeine. The cosmopolitan blend of Arabica and Robusta beans brings wild fruit and spice notes. The delicate hint of almond …Caffeine may have a greater effect on people who are sensitive to it. Caffeine has a half-life of about 5 hours. Someone who consumes 40 milligrams (mg) of caffeine will have 20 mg remaining in ...Although a plus pod produces a smaller volume of coffee, its caffeine content is much higher than a higher volume of the espresso pod. Let's compare a few other brands. Many Keurig Coffee pods will contain between 75 to 150mg while many Nespresso capsules will have 50 to 80mg. Nespresso Kazaar capsule, …Jun 3, 2020 · Caffeine is a natural stimulant most commonly found in tea, coffee, and cacao plants.. It works by stimulating the brain and central nervous system, helping you stay alert and prevent the onset of ... You’ll notice that the caffeine content in most of these capsules don’t vary all that much, with a couple of exceptions. Indeed, according to Nespresso, the amount of caffeine in each cup of brewed Nespresso coffee ranges from about 55 to 65 mg ( source ). But this certainly isn’t the whole story. So, take a look for yourself, and find ...Nespresso Capsules VertuoLine, Double Espresso Chiaro, Medium Roast Coffee, 10 Count (Pack of 3) Coffee Pods, Brews 2.7 Ounce (VERTUOLINE ONLY) 4.8 out of 5 stars 59,381 2 offers from $34.50The caffeine content of Nespresso capsules is similar to that of other types of coffee, including ground coffee and coffee pods from other brands. A standard serving of coffee (8 ounces or 237 milliliters) generally contains around 80-100mg of caffeine, although this can vary depending on the type of coffee, the roast, and …We tasted and ranked some of the top varieties to sort the best from the rest. The list was determined by taste, aroma, and how well these aspects match …You’ll notice that the caffeine content in most of these capsules don’t vary all that much, with a couple of exceptions. Indeed, according to Nespresso, the amount of caffeine in each cup of brewed Nespresso coffee ranges from about 55 to 65 mg ( source ). But this certainly isn’t the whole story. So, take a look for yourself, and find ...IL Caffe (129 mg) and Palermo Kazaar (113 mg) have the highest caffeine content amongst all Nespresso OriginalLine pods. Other high caffeinated pods include Cape Town Envivo Lungo (110 mg), Napoli (109 mg) and Buenos Aires (104 mg). Thus, these pods are the best choice for those who love strong java. In …Mar 4, 2023 · On average, Vertuo pods contain around 150mg of caffeine, with the highest caffeine content in the Coffee Melozio Boost at 200mg per capsule. The caffeine content in a Nespresso pod is generally lower than that of a standard cup of coffee, which contains around 95mg of caffeine per 8oz serving. However, it’s important to be aware of the ... How much caffeine is in a nespresso pod? Nespresso OriginalLine Caffeine Each standard capsule contains 5 grams of coffee which delivers 60 mg of caffeine per pour (average) and each Lungo capsule contains 6 grams of coffee for a caffeine content of around 81 mg. Default pour size is: Espresso – 40 mls, and …The link between caffeine and migraine is complicated, but there are some important things to know. Caffeine has long been linked to migraine attacks. But whether it’s a trigger or...Nespresso Barista Creations – Vertuo capsules. These four barista creations – Roasted Hazelnut, Sweet Vanilla, Golden Caramel, and Rich Chocolate – feature a blend of Arabica and Robusta beans. They come in 230 ml mug capacity capsules and have a caffeine content ranging from 160 to 170 mg.There are 70 milligrams of caffeine in a tall Starbucks Chai tea latte. The caffeine content increases to 95 milligrams in the grande size. The tall Chai tea latte has 190 calories...The caffeine content in Nespresso pods can vary due to several factors. Coffee bean origins play a significant role, as different varieties of coffee …Granny pods are part of the fast-growing small space living trend. Read our guide to see how one of these tiny homes could benefit you and your loved ones. Expert Advice On Improvi...LATIN AMERICA. We buy more coffee from this region than any other because of its consistent taste and quality. Latin American coffees are the foundation of many of our most beloved blends. BLONDE. Starbucks®Blonde Roast coffee beans have a shorter roast time, allowing for an easy-drinking cup of more mellow flavors.Aug 17, 2023 · 4.1 out of 5. Value for money. 4.1 out of 5. Brand Reputation. 4.5 out of 5. Coffee Aim’s crux: Starbucks Veranda Blend Nespresso Vertuo coffee pods are a blend of Latin American Arabicas. These light-roasted Arabicas deliver mellow coffee with delicious toasted malt and baking chocolate notes. It adds softness, a mild aromatic profile and ... Apr 26, 2022 · Check the charts for an idea of the caffeine content in popular beverages. Drink sizes are in fluid ounces (oz.) and milliliters (mL). Caffeine is shown in milligrams (mg). Keep in mind that the actual caffeine content of a cup of coffee or tea can vary quite a bit. Factors such as processing and brewing time affect the caffeine level. The caffeine content in Nespresso pods can range from approximately 55mg to 110mg per serving. This variation is due to the different types of coffee blends and serving sizes available. Some Nespresso pod varieties are specifically marketed as high-caffeine options, while others cater to those who …The caffeine content of Nespresso capsules is similar to that of other types of coffee, including ground coffee and coffee pods from other brands. A standard serving of coffee (8 ounces or 237 milliliters) generally contains around 80-100mg of caffeine, although this can vary depending on the type of coffee, the roast, and …Espresso Caffeine Content; Decaf Nespresso Pods: Everything You Need To Know; Nespresso Vs. Regular Coffee: Which Has More Caffeine? Caffeine Content Comparison of Nespresso and Regular Coffee; Can You Use Nespresso Pods in Other Coffee Makers? How Much Caffeine Is Safe To …Here are the best coffee pod machines for your office so your staff can start making some great cups of coffee, espresso, or other drinks. * Required Field Your Name: * Your E-Mail...The link between caffeine and migraine is complicated, but there are some important things to know. Caffeine has long been linked to migraine attacks. But whether it’s a trigger or...Istanbul Nespresso Capsules Caffeine Content — 55-65 mg. Nespresso Istanbul Espresso fulfills your caffeine in the comfort of your home and gives you a strong kick with 55-65 mg caffeine. The cosmopolitan blend of Arabica and Robusta beans brings wild fruit and spice notes. The delicate hint of almond …However, the toxic effects of caffeine kick in with rapid consumption of about 1,200 mg -- about 12 cups of coffee. Guy Mintz, MD, of Northwell Health …Nespresso Barista Creations – Vertuo capsules. These four barista creations – Roasted Hazelnut, Sweet Vanilla, Golden Caramel, and Rich Chocolate – feature a blend of Arabica and Robusta beans. They come in 230 ml mug capacity capsules and have a caffeine content ranging from 160 to 170 mg.Jan 18, 2024 · The caffeine content of Nespresso Vertuo pods ranges between 4 and 195mg per serving, while the OriginalLine pods range between 1.7 and 113mg per serving. This article features a comparison chart detailing the amount of caffeine found in each variety of Vertuo and Original Nespresso pods – allowing you to make informed decisions about your ... Best served as. Coffee. 7.77 fl.oz. Notes. Mild. Nutty & Balanced. Body. Smooth and balanced, the Melozio Vertuo coffee pods have a delightful honeyed sweetness note. Drink this black coffee with milk to bring a dairy sweetness.Caffeine may have a greater effect on people who are sensitive to it. Caffeine has a half-life of about 5 hours. Someone who consumes 40 milligrams (mg) of caffeine will have 20 mg remaining in ...However, the toxic effects of caffeine kick in with rapid consumption of about 1,200 mg -- about 12 cups of coffee. Guy Mintz, MD, of Northwell Health …The amount of caffeine in your average Nespresso pod is 40 mg of caffeine, which is not at all that much. Naturally, the caffeine content and caffeine level will vary depending on which pod is being referred to. The Altissio and Voltesso Pods both contain 60 mg of caffeine. Half Caffeinato contains 90 mg of caffeine.CAFFEINE LEVEL. Clear Filters. RECIPE. Maple Cinnamon Macchiato . RECIPE. Hazelnut Bianco. GET INSPIRED. Finding the Right Roast for You. Taste the delicious new way to enjoy rich, authentic shots of Starbucks® espresso at home with coffee pods for Starbucks® by Nespresso® for Original Line.Coffee may be the workplace standard for staying alert, but it has its tradeoffs: it raises the heart rate, increases blood pressure, and inflates stress. Caffeine makes it harder ...The caffeine content of Nespresso capsules is similar to that of other types of coffee, including ground coffee and coffee pods from other brands. A standard serving of coffee (8 ounces or 237 milliliters) generally contains around 80-100mg of caffeine, although this can vary depending on the type of coffee, the roast, and …According to the Food and Drug Administration, as much as 400 milligrams of caffeine a day – equal to four or five cups of coffee – is considered safe for healthy adults. An 8-ounce cup of green or black tea has 30-50 mg of caffeine. Energy drinks may contain 40-250 mg for every 8 ounces, and a 12-ounce can of …Imagine the suicide booth on 'Futurama,' only real. Learn more about the Sarco suicide pod at HowStuffWorks. Advertisement What if a machine could take all the pain away? At the pu...Imagine the suicide booth on 'Futurama,' only real. Learn more about the Sarco suicide pod at HowStuffWorks. Advertisement What if a machine could take all the pain away? At the pu...Espresso Caffeine Content; Decaf Nespresso Pods: Everything You Need To Know; Nespresso Vs. Regular Coffee: Which Has More Caffeine? Caffeine Content Comparison of Nespresso and Regular Coffee; Can You Use Nespresso Pods in Other Coffee Makers? How Much Caffeine Is Safe To …When it comes to convenience and consistent flavor, coffee pods have become a popular choice for coffee lovers worldwide. With so many options available in the market, it can be ov...161mg /230ml . There’s this app at AppStore called “pod “ it’s super useful to organise your capsule inventory and lots of information. Instagram says gingerbread is fully caffeinated—the nespressousa account, in the comments where someone asked. EDIT: Switching Nespresso countries is fun but turns out none have …They contain approximately 40 to 45mg of caffeine in each 12 fluid ounces, while the Ristretto has 50 to 60mg per 16-ounce serving. This is the same caffeine content as in a single cup. If you are wondering how much caffeine is in a single pod, the Ristretto is the right option for you. The caffeine content of Peet’s …Caffeine Content In Nespresso OriginalLine. Most pods from the Original line have 60 mg of caffeine which is the standard dose in a single cup of espresso. However, one product goes against this and apparently has the highest caffeine content of any pod. Palermo Kazaar comprises 125 mg of caffeine in a single espresso cup. Intense & Velvety. Intensity 11. $9.80. Per Capsule: $0.98. ADD TO BAG. Taste our new Il Caffè coffee pods with its punchy combination of smooth, velvety taste and roasty, cereal aromas. Experience the classic espresso character. Caffeine Content In Nepresso VertuoLine. These Vertuo capsules are, well, more “vertuo”-sized! They’re bigger, and you need a special VertuoLine system to use them. And even though they don’t have as many choices as the OriginalLine, there’s more coffee in each pod.So, bigger pods mean more …Aspirin, Butalbital, and Caffeine: learn about side effects, dosage, special precautions, and more on MedlinePlus This combination of drugs is used to relieve tension headaches. Th...The caffeine content of the pods varies depending on the blend. It can range from 60 to 150 mg. Nespresso Vertuo Double Espresso (2.7 oz/80 ml) capsules have 130 to 165vmg of caffeine per serving. Vertuoline Gran Lungo capsules contain a range of caffeine levels (5 oz/150 ml). It ranges from 120 to …Aspirin, Butalbital, and Caffeine: learn about side effects, dosage, special precautions, and more on MedlinePlus This combination of drugs is used to relieve tension headaches. Th...Here are the best coffee pod machines for your office so your staff can start making some great cups of coffee, espresso, or other drinks. * Required Field Your Name: * Your E-Mail...One study indicated that the caffeine content of energy drinks ranges from about 50–505 mg . For example, the popular energy drink Red Bull contains 80 mg of caffeine per 8.4-ounce (250-mL) can.All caffeine values are for the capsules brewed as they would be normally brewed. A Vertuo Espresso is 1.35 oz, a Double Espresso is 2.7 oz. So if you brewed one Double Espresso Chario, that cup of coffee would contain 135 mg of caffeine in it. If you brewed one Diavolitto capsule it would have 144 mg of coffee total in the cup.Offer applicable on regular priced coffee sleeves. Vertuo Pour-Over Style Regular, Pour-Over Style Mild, Alto Ambrato, Alto Onice, and Cold Brew Style Intense sleeves contain seven (7) capsules and do not count for 1 sleeve. Original N°20 sleeve contains five (5) capsules and does not count for 1 sleeve.Kazaar is 100% robusta. A daring blend of two Robustas from Brazil and Guatemala, specially prepared for Nespresso, and a separately roasted Arabica from South America, Kazaar is a coffee of exceptional intensity. Its powerful bitterness and notes of pepper are balanced by a full and creamy texture. Good catch.
However, too much caffeine may cause headaches, anxiety, trouble sleeping, irritability, respiratory issues, chest pain, thirst, and frequent urination. Certain people may be more sensitive to caffeine and may see these effects at even lower doses. Caffeine may cause allergies, and alter the effects of certain medications.. Tiktok shop.
Product Summary. Nespresso Vertuo Melozio Decaffeinato is a medium roast espresso blend that offers a smooth and balanced flavor. Crafted with quality Brazilian Bourbon and Central American Arabicas, this decaffeinated coffee delivers a rich taste and sensuous, smooth texture. The easy-to-use capsules …And the tall or espresso sizes you love. For the first time, enjoy your favorite Starbucks®espresso at home with new Starbucks®coffee capsules for the Nespresso®Vertuo line machines. 01Multi-Origin. 02Roast. AFRICA. Africa is home to some of the world’s most unique coffees that set our high standards of quality.2. Pharmacology of Caffeine. As stated in Chapter 1, caffeine is the most widely used central nervous system (CNS) stimulant in the world. It has numerous pharmacological and physiological effects, including cardiovascular, respiratory, renal, and smooth muscle effects, as well as effects on mood, memory, alertness, …Intense & Velvety. Intensity 11. $9.80. Per Capsule: $0.98. ADD TO BAG. Taste our new Il Caffè coffee pods with its punchy combination of smooth, velvety taste and roasty, cereal aromas. Experience the classic espresso character.The caffeine content in Nespresso pods can vary depending on the type and size of the pod. For the Original line, espresso pods contain between 55 and 65 mg of caffeine, while lungo pods have slightly higher levels ranging from 77 to 85 mg. The Vertuo line has a wider range, with caffeine content ranging from 4 to 195 mg …The caffeine content of each OriginalLine capsule varies depending on the blend. Most OriginalLine capsules contain between 50 and 80 mg of caffeine. However, the Kazaar blend packs in over 120 mg of caffeine. For comparison, an eight ounce cup of drip coffee and a 12-ounce espresso are both 120 milligrams in …The Altissio contains 70-100mg of caffeine in one capsule. The diavolitto has 150mg. Decaffeinato, however, retains the creaminess of a royal robe. One of the most unique aspects of this espresso machine is its lungo method of brewing the coffee. Lungo means “long” in Italian, and this method is unique in the world of coffee-brewing.Imagine the suicide booth on 'Futurama,' only real. Learn more about the Sarco suicide pod at HowStuffWorks. Advertisement What if a machine could take all the pain away? At the pu...Caffeine is a drug of the methylxanthine class used for a variety of purposes, including certain respiratory conditions of the premature newborn, pain relief, and to combat drowsiness. Caffeine is similar in chemical structure to [Theophylline] and [Theobromine]. It can be sourced from coffee beans, but also occurs naturally in …Offer applicable on regular priced coffee sleeves. Vertuo Pour-Over Style Regular, Pour-Over Style Mild, Alto Ambrato, Alto Onice, and Cold Brew Style Intense sleeves contain seven (7) capsules and do not count for 1 sleeve. Original N°20 sleeve contains five (5) capsules and does not count for 1 sleeve.They are individual single-use capsules/ pods/ containers that contain around 5 or 6 grams of ground coffee beans of different strengths and …Caffeine Content Description: Caffeinated: Roast Level: light_roast: About this item . Contains 5 boxes of 10 Nespresso compatible coffee capsules to make 50 cups total ; ... Nespresso Capsules OriginalLine,Ispirazione Variety Pack, Medium & Dark Roast Espresso Coffee, Espresso Coffee Pods, Brews 1.35oz 10 Count (Pack of …Espresso pods guarantee coffee freshness and brew 1.35 oz drink, while lungo capsules offer 3.7 oz long black espresso. Espresso adds 55-65 mg of caffeine, while lungo pods add 77-85 mg of caffeine per cup. Espresso is stronger than lungo coffee, while lungo has more water content than espresso. Do ….